EN ISO 12947-4:1998 Martindale Abrasion Tester Test method

1. Field of application
The test method described in this part of ISO12947 is applicable to the evaluation of the appearance change of the test sample. The types of samples to be tested cover all kinds of textiles, including non-woven and woven fabrics.

2. Principle
The round sample is placed under a fixed pressure and rubs against the standard friction medium according to the Lissajous orbit. In addition, the sample holder wrapped with friction medium can also rotate freely about its own axis and the plane of the sample plate. The evaluation of the anti-wear performance of textiles is judged by the changes of the surface before and after friction.
The mass of the sample holder and the spindle is (18±2)g
The appearance change of the test sample is evaluated by comparing the sample before and after rubbing.
There are two optional methods:
1) Evaluate the wear condition after a certain number of wearings;
2) The time it takes for the wear to a certain extent.

3. Test instruments and materials
Instruments and auxiliary materials are the same as ISO 12947-1
Test conditions and atmospheric pressure
Standard atmospheric pressure temperature: (20 ±2)℃, relative humidity (65±5)%

4. Sample preparation
4.1 General
Select samples according to standard statistical rules (see ISO 2859-1)
Make sure that the fabric is stretched as little as possible during sample selection and sample preparation to prevent incorrect stretching of the prevent dust.
4.2 Selection of laboratory samples
Select samples that can represent the properties of the test chemical. Observe the relevant properties of the sample from the beginning to the end of the experiment.
Samples must cover the full width of the door.
4.3 Preparation of the test sample
Before preparing the laboratory sample, place it horizontally onof normal atmospheric pressure and keep it in an unstretched condition for at least 18 hours.
For woven fabrics, take samples with different warp and weft yarns. The test sample must be at least 100 mm from the edge of the door width selected by the laboratory. Select a sufficient number of test samples (at least three)
For printed patterns or fabrics with creased surfaces, please note that the test sample contains all the properties of the pattern to ensure that some patterns that are prone to wear may not be consistent with those in the center of the test sample.
4.4 Size of the test sample and auxiliary materials
4.4.1 Size of the test sample
The size of the test sample should be a minimum of 140 mm in diameter or a square of 140 mm x 40 mm.
4.4.2 The size of the friction medium
38+50 mm in diameter
4.4.3 The lining fabric size of the test sample
140+50 mm in diameter
4.4.4 Friction support Dimensions of the foam
diameter 38+50 mm Preparation and assembly and cutting and application of auxiliary materials
4.5 Preparation
Stamp or cut test samples from laboratory samples. need special attentionEdge trimming to avoid unnecessary loss of quality in later processing.
Use the same method to make auxiliary material from optional fabric, felt, or foam
4.6 Test sample installation
Move the sample clamp to avoid contact with the friction plate
The foam block will be rubbed Place on a friction plate and cover it with the test sample.
Apply a pressure of (2.5 ± 0.5) kg with a diameter of (120 ± 10) mm to the test sample and the friction foam.
Fixed pressure ring to safely protect the test sample and friction felt.
4.7 Fixing the soil sample
Fix the sample holder on the test frame
Fix the soil sample on the sample holder with Tussand the device and sample is supported by abrasive foam.
4.8 Service life of consumables
Refresh the friction head and foam before each test.
Each wear test checks the felt for corrosion and wear. If there is dirt or wear, please replace it in time, and both sides of the felt can be used.
4.9 Preparation of Wear Resistant Instruments
After placing the sample, return the sample plate to its original position and the sample holder should be correctly positioned.

5. Wear resistance test process
After completing the corresponding preparations in Article 4, start the test instrument according to the preset friction times of the corresponding series in Table 1. The test cannot be terminated before the specified number of frictions is reached.

When evaluating appearance changes, gently move the sample holder to remove the rubbed sample forEvaluation.
If the preset surface change is not achieved, reinstall the test sample for the next time period test. Make sure the test sample returns to its original position.
Continue the test evaluation until a preset appearance change is reached.
The experimental results record the time before each test reaches the specified wear level.
Due to the differences in the apparent characteristics of different plants, the observation conditions and surface appearance should be unified and included in the test report.

6. Test Results
Calculate the mean value of the results of each test.
If you need to evaluate the relevant shadow changes, refer to ISO 105-A02.

7. Test report
The test report should contain the following information:
1) Reference standard, instrument model, experimental meth usedode and applied pressure
2) Sample composition, description and technical data
3) Details and test series used in the test (Table 1) and representative description evaluation
/>4) Test or evaluation results
5) Applicable wear-resistant interval value
6) Whether the shade change is evaluated
7) Test-final process (such as some specially agreed tests or assessment requirements)
8) Test date

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