What are other potential safety risks in cars? أداة الاختبار –

What are other potential safety risks in cars?

Vehicle safety has always been a hot topic in the automotive industry. The revelation of the Kobe Steel fraud incident has once again brought security issues to the forefront of public opinion. With the current development of automobile technology and the increasing demand for lightweight car bodies, in addition to the widely used steel, more and more new materials are added to cars, such as carbon fiber, engineering plastics, nylon, resin and other materials. used in body components and parts, replacing traditional materials such as cast iron, alloy and glass. Are these body materials safe? What other safety risks are easily overlooked? Standard group below.

Bumpers: Is plastic reliable?

As an elementessential for the passive safety of the vehicle, the bumper is an important safety element to protect the vehicle. The front and rear bumpers of the early auth were made primarily of metal materials, usually stamped from steel plates and riveted or welded to the longitudinal beams of the chassis. Nowadays, car bumpers are made of plastic instead of hard metal bumpers. While many people wonder why metal bumpers were eliminated, they also question the safety of plastic bumpers.

In fact, the main reason for using plastic materials is that metal bumpers have many disadvantages, such as they are difficult to repair after an accident , the collision force is relatively large when an accident occurs and the vehicle is damaged. The impact of the collision is relatively grave and the impact on people is relatively significant when an accident occurs between a car and a person. Metal bumpers increase the weight of the vehicle and increase the fuel consumption of the vehicle.

The main role of modern bumpers has shifted from protecting structural body components to a functional accessory that primarily protects pedestrians and reduces damage. It mainly uses quenched (modified) polypropylene as raw material for injection molding (polypropylene plastic, commonly known as PP material). This material has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, high product strength, good rigidity, etc., especially impact resistant PP. A blended modified material composed of copolymer, styrene elastomer and polyolefin rubber, which has high rigidity, impact resistance, scratch resistancees. resistance and paintability. Once the injection molded bumper is installed in the car, it is subjected to a speed of 8 km/h. It does not break under impact and has recovery elasticity. Its performance is similar to polyurethane, but the cost is reduced by 10 to 20%.

Due to the good elasticity of plastic, combined with the filled plastic foam material, the impact force can be effectively alleviated. With the reasonable design of the front bumper, the plastic bumper can effectively reduce the impact of impact. It also reduces the severity of injuries to pedestrians when struck and is easier to repair, thereby reducing manufacturing and repair costs, and also helps reduce the weight of the vehicle body. But the disadvantage is poor resistance to low temperatures.

Fuel tank: safety has nothing to do withith the material

Currently, different brands on the market have different characteristics of the models use fuel tanks of different materials. Some Mercedes-Benz and Jaguar models use metal fuel tanks. The Lexus IS uses a multi-layer resin fuel tank, the ES uses a sheet steel fuel tank, and the NX uses an iron fuel tank. However, because plastic fuel tanks can reduce weight, provide larger volume under the same conditions, have strong plasticity, and can design the shape of the fuel tank according to the needs of the body, and the cost is lower , many models began to use plastic fuel tanks.

In the fuel tank collision and fire accident, many people question whether the material of the fuel tank is theculprit who devours human lives. So which fuel tank, plastic or metal, is safest in a rear-end collision or collision? ? Industry experts said that when designing vehicles, the fuel tank will be placed in the non-collision zone of the vehicle. According to the requirements of most countries or regions in the world, the fuel tank installed on the vehicle must be able to meet the requirements of the vehicle without leaking in the event of a collision at a speed of 50 km/h. Require. Therefore, the material of the fuel tank has no direct impact on whether or not a leak or combustion occurs after a rear-end collision.

In fact, the material used for the fuel tank in a vehicle model is mainly related to vehicle performance considerations. Metal fuel tanks and plastic fuel tanks each have their ownadvantages, but regardless of the material used, manufacturers will achieve targeted technical benefits.ection according to the standards, so the material is not enough to affect the safety of the fuel tank in the event of a collision, as long as the tank fuel itself can meet national standards and performance and design requirements, there will be no problem.

In the national standard \"Standards for the Use of Fuel Tanks of Vehicles\" (GB18296-2001) which has been issued, it is stipulated that automobile products manufactured by Car manufacturers must pass the sealing of the fuel tank cap. Test, safety valve opening pressure test, vibration durability test, fuel tank pressure resistance and many other tests. Whether it is metal fuel tanks or plastic fuel tanks, they all must passstrict testing according to national standards.

Car floor mats: In fact, improper use of invisible land mines is very dangerous.

Car floor mats absorb water, vacuum and decontaminate. , sound insulation and host protection cover are multi-functional, keeping the interior and exterior of the car clean and playing a beautiful and comfortable function. From the material of car mats, they are divided into chemical fiber mats, linen mats, PVC mats, rubber mats, wool mats, leather mats, wire mats, etc.

The water absorption, dust absorption and decontamination function of car floor mats can effectively prevent residual moisture and dirt in the soles to cause slipping with the clutch, brake and accelerator, thus avoiding safety risks; The CHchoosing a thick substrate can block chassis noise and tire noise and improve driving comfort; Suede car floor mats can also completely absorb remaining noise and echoes from car audio to protect hearing.

However, improper use of car floor mats can also lead to huge safety risks. Toyota\'s \"acceleration door\" incident in the early years caused a shock to the industry, and many investigation results showed that the important cause of the accident was the problem of acceleration. accelerator pedal and step pad. In some cases, the footboard would block the accelerator pedal. Therefore, regardless of what kind of material the foot pads are made of, the cut shape is, first of all, very important. Reasonable cutting can avoid interference with the accelerator pedal; second, reposThe feet must be firmly fixed and absolutely avoid sliding forward and interfering with the pedal, causing safety hazards.

Finally, let\'s look at the material of the carpet. The Ningbo Entry and Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau carried out sampling tests on car floor mats. The first test indicator is VOC (volatile organic compounds), which is the main indicator for assessing the content of toxic and harmful gases in the car; the second is a flame retardant test to see if the material is not easy to burn. These two projects are critical and linked to the health of drivers and passengers as well as the safety of people and property.

Judging from the results, among the 22 groups of samples, 5 groups of samples exceeded the detection limit of VOC, and the most serious was formaldehyde exceeding the limit. The five groups of material samplesWhile higher risks are rubber, metal buckles and fibers. It can be found that rubber foot pads, metal rings and fibrous materials are more likely to volatilize harmful gases than other materials. Among the VOC levels, the most serious is formaldehyde. There are 17 groups of samples that exceed the maximum concentration limit of formaldehyde in the car, with an average of 12.3 times exceeding the limit, and the largest exceeding the limit is 127.3 times. There were 13 groups that exceeded the maximum concentration limit of acetaldehyde in the car, with an average of 9.2 times exceeding the limit, and the maximum exceeding limit was 70.9 times. Fortunately, during testing of the flame retardant project, all carpets met mandatory national testing standards.

In the car, especially during seasons with high temperatures, the forma contentDehyde, acetaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds released from floor mats in high temperature environments will increase sharply, seriously threatening people. Therefore, when entering a car that has been exposed to high temperatures, drivers and passengers should immediately open the windows to ventilate and dissipate heat, and wait until the temperature inside the car drops within a certain extent before entering the car. At the same time, you should try to use relatively more environmentally friendly floor mats, such as leather, linen and PVC plastic.

Accelerator pedal arm: plastic doesn\'t cut corners

At first, when the accelerator was controlled by a cable, the accelerator pedal and the pedal arm are made of metallic materials such as cast iron. However, most seeures today use electronic throttle valves and the fuel injection volume is controlled entirely by electronic signals. In addition, the design standard for automotive safety performance, fuel economy and lightweight requirements are becoming more and more stringent. Therefore, most models currently on the market have The accelerator pedal and the pedal arm are both made of plastic. Some may say that replacing plastic with cast iron is like taking shortcuts, but that is not the case.

Take the accelerator pedal arm made of PA6 (nylon) material as an example. After reinforcement treatment, its strength is not lower than that of a metal pedal arm. As long as you don\'t press hard repeatedly, there will be no problem until the vehicle loses all pedal. Additionally, the foldable pedal arm can reverse direction if the vvehicle is involved in a frontal collision, which alleviates the impact on the driver\'s legs, reduces personal injury and relatively improves safety.

Headlight cover material: polycarbonate is safer than glass

Currently, headlight glass covers and vehicle taillights are made of polycarbonate injection molding, polycarbonate not only has good hardness and strength, but also has good toughness, can resist ultraviolet rays, has excellent light transmission properties, does not will not fade after long-term use and has high transparency.

Lighthouse shades used to be made of glass. Due to the low strength of glass, collisions and breakages can easily cause injuries, which is why headlight lampshades are now made of polycarbonate.

As part of thehas the general trend of energy saving, consumption reduction and light weight, with the continuous innovation and development of automotive materials, more new materials will be integrated into the automotive materials family to provide people with a new driving experience, this will also lead our automobile era into a new era. The Kobe Steel incident has raised the alarm in automobile safety, reminding us that we must pay enough attention to life-related safety issues at all times. How to promote the balanced development of automobile technology in material innovation and automobile safety in the future is the direction that automobile manufacturing experts are working towards.

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