In order to process the disorganized and horizontally closely connected fibers in vertical order and smooth yarn with specific requirements, it is necessary to convert the block fiber into a single fiber state, completely remove the horizontal connection of the fiber raw materials, and make a strong longitudinal connection between the end and the end. The former is called fiber loosening and the latter is called fiber gathering. Cotton spinning uses specific systems, processes, equipment and technology for loosening and joining Textile staple fibers are processed into yarns that meet specific requirements.
The process of cotton spinning system generally involves raw material preparation, opening, the carding, removing impurities, blending, drawing, merging, twisting and winding. The following is the following process description and application.
Unprocessede Raw cotton - opening - carding - drawing - roving (flyer) - ring spinning - winding - yarn steaming
Contents
1 Ginning2 Opening3 Carding4 Drawing5 Roving6 Ring Spinning7 Winding8 Yarn Steaming
Ginning
Cotton ginning is the process of separating cottonseed from The fluff is pressed into bales and sent to the textile industry for further processing, while the cottonseed is ground by oil mills to produce cooking oil to manufacture. This is the first step in the cotton spinning process.
Open
An opening machine for separating the fibers from mixed impurities in cotton tufts.
The opening machine consists of a cotton board onto which the cotton tufts to be processed are placed. At the bottom of the plate there is a ripper which, together with cleaning blades, at least partially separates the fluffy cotton masses into their individual fiber components. This removes the mixed vegetable impurities (parts of leaves, pods, seeds, soil, etc.). In the vicinity of the licker-in, there are usually suction openings for removing the impurities separated from the fibers and a channel through which the fibers freed from impurities are removed.
Carding
In the card, the fiber material is processed into a sliver of untwisted fibers in the form of a fleece, which is compressed into card sliver and is passed on to subsequent processing stages.
The purpose of the carding process is to convert the raw material, which consists of tufts of fibers that have already undergone certain initial cleaning and opening processes, into a ribbon of untwisted fibers in the form of a mat as free as possible of impurities and inhomogeneities such as residual dirt from the previous process, waste and tangles or \"neps\".
Drawing
Drawing frames are mainly used toin order to produce a non-woven fabric that is as uniform as possible from a large number of slivers. For this purpose, the stretcher has one or more stretching units, which in turn consist of a series of stretching elements, typically in the form of several stretching elements arranged one behind the other. The slivers are guided between the respective pairs of rollers by clamping. Since the pairs of rollers have peripheral speeds that vary and increase in the running direction of the sliver, the slivers are finally stretched and thus evened out.
Roving
In a roving frame, also called a roving machine or flyframe, a roving is made from a sliver. The sliver is produced in a draw frame before the yarn production process. The roving is the starting product for the production of a yarn, e.g. in a ring spinning machine. The roving is therefore significantly thicker than a yarn, but also significantly thinner than a sliver.
The main task of the roving of a roving frame is the further stretching of a sliver into a fiber strand with a finer gauge, the so-called roving. This intermediate step in production is necessary because the ring spinning machine is not able to process a thick sliver into a yarn with a fine gauge. In addition, the processing of a sliver in one The problem with the ring spinning machine is still unsolved. This is because in the ring spinning machinene due to the low strength of the sliver there is not enough space for storing the bulky sliver cans in which the sliver is provided.
In addition, the flyer has the task of giving the roving a protective twist in order to increase the strength of the textile fiber strand and make it transportable without damage.
Ring spinning is essentially the process of converting a roving of textile fibers into a twisted yarn by first applying a Drawing and a controlled elongation of the roving are carried out, giving it the desired dimensions, which determine the yarn count of the yarn obtained from it, and then the bundle is formed from fibers of the roving, which in the previous processing only one lehave undergone a slight twist and are still substantially parallel, an effective and necessary twist to impart sufficient strength to the yarn by running it along a path at high rotational speed between a fixed ring and a rotating spindle with the interposition of a ring driven by the spindle itself. The yarn thus twisted is collected by being wound on a bobbin carried by the spindle to form a bobbin which, when finished, is handed over for the next operation.
Winding
The winding machine includes a yarn supply section, a yarn collecting device, a tension applying section, a yarn connecting device, and a bobbin forming section. The yarn supply section carries a yarn supply spool with a yarn wound thereon. The yarn collecting device winds and collects the yarn from the yarn supply spool carried by the yarn supply section .The tension applying section applies tension to the yarn wound by the yarn collector.The yarn connecting device connects the yarn from the yarn supply bobbin caught by the yarn collector with the yarn wound in the yarn collector.The bobbin forming section pulls the yarn from the twine collector and winds it onto the drawn twine to form a package.
Yarn steaming
Yarn is after spinning in steamed in an autoclave (heat setting) to reduce or eliminate yarn liveliness (torque) and the tendency to bunch up, thereby facilitating subsequent winding and twisting (puckering) of yarn and avoiding fabric distortion.
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