Sublimation Fastness – All You Need To Know

Contents

1 What is Sublimation Fastness2 Sublimation Test2.1 Objective and Scope2.2 Test Standard2.3 Preparation2.4 Experimental Procedure2. 5 Rating3 How to improve sublimation fastness? (Ironing above 200°C) the disperse dyes in the polyester fibers directly convert from powdery solids to gas and escape, causing the color of the polyester to change. As the brightened and released dye cools, it desublimes, solidifies, and adheres to the equipment or polyester surface. The dye (floating color) on the surface of this polyester has no fastness and is easy to fall off after washing or rubbing, indicating that the fastness to washing and rubbing is poor.

Sublimation test

Because the dyeing mechanism of polyester fibers from that of other dyes may reflect the sublimation fastness direreflects the heat resistance of emulsion paints. For other dyes, testing the iron fastness of the dye is the same as testing the fastness to sublimation of the dye. The fastness to sublimation of the dye is poor. The dye in the solid state is easily released from the inside of the fiber in the gaseous state in the dry heat state. In this way, the sublimation fastness of the dye can also indirectly reflect the ironing fastness of the fabric.

The dyes with good sublimation fastness have large particles, and the sublimation temperature is slightly higher than ordinary dyes. Under the same setting or ironing temperature conditions, the dyes with high sublimation fastness show little fading and little fadisco loration.

Aim and scope

This test method is a test method for determining the color fastness of different textile materials and textiles hot presseat and heat roastingfiller processing. Textiles can be hot pressed under dry, damp or wet conditions, typically determined by the end use of the textile.

Test Standard

AATCC 133-2009

GB/T 6152-1997

ISO 105-X11:1996

JIS L 0850-1994A

PreparationSample size:

AATCC 133-2009:40*120mm

Other Methods: 40*100mm

Sublimation Fastness Tester

Providing controlled conditions of dry heat and pressure with heated top and bottom surfaces, electronic temperature controller and carefully controlled top platen weight. Consisting of a pair of smooth parallel plates, equipped with a precisely controlled electrical heating system, the pressure on the sample is 4 ± 1 kPa and the heat should be transferred to the sample only from the upper parallel plate, regardless of whether the lower parallel plate is heated or not.

Thickness of the smooth asbestos sheet 3mm ~ 6mm

The asbestos sheet used for thermal insulation should smooth and not curved and preferably mated with the asbestos sheet before the sample is placed in the sublimation tester.During the two tests the asbestos sheets had to be cooled and the wet wool pads dried.

Upholstery, one basis weight wool flannel of 260g/m2:

Use two layers of wool flannel to make a pad 3mm thick.A similar smooth wool fabric or felt can also be used to make a pad about 3mm thick.

The weight per unit area of undyed and non-mercerized bleached cotton fabric is 100 g/m2 to 130 g/m2 the surface is smooth Test procedure

Dry pressing: The dry sample is pressed for a certain period of timepressed for 15 seconds in a heater at a specified temperature and pressure.

Humidity pressure: After the dry sample is covered with a piece of wet cotton lining cloth, it is left for a while pressedKeep the sample in a heater at a specified temperature and pressure for 15 seconds.

Wet pressure: After the damp sample is covered with a piece of wet cotton lining cloth, it is used for pressed for a specified period of time in a heater at a specified temperature and pressure for 15 seconds.

Hot press temperature:

110+ 2℃

150+2°C

200±2℃

Other test temperatures can be used if required but must be specified in the report. The pressing temperature depends on the type of fiber and the structure of the fabric. If it is a mixed product, it is advisable to adjustuse the most heat resistant fiber.

Rating

Immediately after the test Use the gray scale to rate the distortion of the sample and the staining of the adjacent fabric. After adjusting the humidity for 4 hours in the standard atmosphere, do a re-evaluation.

How to improve sublimation fastness

In order to importIn order to check the sublimation fastness of dyes, the following aspects need to be considered:

Dye selection

The relative molecular weight is relatively large, and the basic structure of the dye is similar or similar to the fiber structure, which can improve the sublimation fastness of the textile.

Improve the dyeing and finishing process.

Reduce Complete the crystallinity of the crystalline part in the macromolecular structure of the fiber, increase the crystallinity of the non-crystalline part, and improve the crystallinity of each partch inside the fiber tends to be consistent, and allows the dye to penetrate into the fiber, and the combination with the fiber is more effective and consistent. This can not only improve the degree of dyeing, but also improve the sublimation fastness of dyeing. When the crystallinity of each part inside the fiber is not sufficiently balanced, most of the dye remains in the non-crystalline area with relatively loose structure, and after extreme external conditions, the dye is so easy to be detached from the non-crystalline area inside the fiber and attached sublimate the surface of the fabric, reducing the sublimation fastness of textiles.

The scouring and mercerizing of cotton fabrics, the pre-shrinking and pre-setting of polyester fabrics are all processing steps to balance the crystallinity within the fibers . The color depth and color fastness of the gereThe pre-shrunk and pre-set polyester fabric can be significantly improved.

Heavier post-treatment and washing to remove more of the dye floating on the surface can also significantly improve the fabric\'s sublimation fastness. Properly lowering the setting temperature during the setting process can significantly improve the sublimation fastness of the fabric. The decrease in fabric dimensional stability due to temperature drop can be compensated by reducing the speed of the tying machine accordingly. When choosing finishing means, we should also pay attention to the influence of additives on color fastness. For example, it is possible after using a cationic softener in the softening of polyester fabrics that the sublimation fastness of disperse dyes due to thermal migration ofDisperse dyes is affected. From the perspective of By the temperature type of the disperse dye itself, the sublimation fastness of the high-temperature disperse dye is better.