Wear assessment criteria for textiles

Abrasion resistance is an important indicator of the quality of textile products, which directly affects the durability and use effect of the product. Specifically, it refers to the property of resistance to abrasion between fabrics or with other fabrics in the process of repeated friction.

International Standard:
ISO12947.2-1998 Determination of abrasion resistance of fabric by Martindale method for textiles, Part 2: Determination of sample fraction;
ISO12947. 3- 1998 Determination of abrasion resistance of fabrics by Martindale method for textiles, part 3: determination of mass loss;
ISO12947-4-1998 Martindale (Martindale) for textile Martindale) method for the determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics - Part 4: Evaluation of changes in appearance.
American Society for Materials (ASTM) Standard:
ASTMD4966-2010 Fabric Abrasion Test Martindale Abrasion Tester.

European standard:
ENISO12947-2:1998 Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics by Martindale Method of Textiles Part 2: Determination of Sample Breakage;
ENISO12947-3: 1998 Measurement of Resistance to Abrasion of Fabrics by Martindale (Martindale) Method for Textiles Part 3: Determination of Mass Loss; Determination of abrasion resistance - Part 4: Evaluation of changes in appearance.

Standard of the German Standardization Institute (DIN):
DINENISO12947-2-2007 Textiles. Determination of the abrasion resistance of fibers according to the Martens method. Part 2: Determination of test damage ;
DINENISO12947-3-2007 Textiles. Determination of abrasion resistance of fibers by the Martens method. Part 3: Determination of mass loss;
DINENISO12947-7-2007 Textiles. Determination of fabric resistance by the Martindale Method of Abrasiveness. Part 4: Evaluation of Changes in Appearance.

British Standards Institution (BS) Standard:
BISO12947.2-1998 Determination of abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method for textiles Part 2: Schade to samples Determination;
BISO12947.3-1998 Measurement of abrasion resistance of fabrics by Martindale (Martindale) method for textiles Part 3: determination of mass loss; Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics by Martindale Method Part 4 Evaluation of Appearance Changes.

Chinese National Standard:
GB/T21196.2-2007 Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics by Martindale Method for textiles, Part 2: Determination of sample breakage;
GB/T21196. 3- 2007 Determination of abrasion resistance of fabrics by Martindale method for textiles, Part 3: Determination of mass loss;
GB/ T21196.4-2007 Martindale method for textiles, method for the determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics - Part 4 : Evaluation of changes in appearance

The wear of textile products is mainly reflected in the following five aspects:
(1) During the friction process, the fibers collide continuously, and the fiber fragments in the yarn are broken by fatiguechade, resulting in yarn breaks.
(2) The fibers are pulled out of the fabric, resulting in loosening of the yarn and structure of the fabric, and the fibers can be fully pulled out under repeated action, resulting in thinner yarns, thinner fabrics and even disintegration.
(3) The fiber is cut and broken, causing the yarn to break.
(4) The surface of the fiber is worn and the surface layer of the fiber is fragmented and lost.
(5) Friction generates high temperatures, causing the fiber to melt or plastically deform, which affects the structure and mechanical properties of the fiber.

Abrasion is reflected in the morphological changes of the fabric, which are mainly damage, loss of quality, discoloration of the appearance and changes in pilling and pilling. There are many methods to test the abrasion resistance of textile products, such as surface grinding, curved grinding, hem grinding and samadjusted grinding. The Martindale method is a kind of surface grinding method, which is widely used in the detection of wear resistance of clothing, home textiles, decorative fabrics and upholstery fabrics.

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