The role of cone calorimeter in the research of flame retardant materials

The cone calorimeter is a small instrument commonly used in the field of fire prevention. It assesses the fire risk of materials. On the one hand, it concerns the fire behavior and the flame-retardant capacity of the material. On the other hand, it refers to the amount of smoke and toxic gases produced by the material during a fire. released. HRR and pkHRR are the most important parameters for measuring the fire risk of polymer materials, and TTI is also an important indicator for evaluating the fire risk of materials. The TTI/pkHRR ratio can be used to assess the potential circumvention of a material, i.e. its potential hazard, independent of environmental factors. THR is a measure of the internal energy of the material.
When a fire breaks out, the release of smoke and poison poses the greatest threat to people\'s lives. By measuring the generation of SEA, CO and CO2, theCONE cone calorimeter can quickly evaluate the smoke generation and smoke toxicity of a certain flame retardant material.
In addition, the measured parameters such as EHC, HRR, SEA, CO and CO2, as well as the Production volume are used to analyze the gas phase flame retardant and condensed phase flame retardant of the material during the cracking process. If the HRR decreases, it indicates that the flame retardancy has improved; if the EHC decreases significantly and the SEA increases significantly, the gas phase combustion is not accurate, which indicates that the flame retardant works in the gas phase and belongs to the gas phase flame retardant mechanism without changes major in EHC. HRR and MLR If it decreases, it is a condensed phase flame retardant.
Traditional testing methods include horizontal and vertical combustion methods, oxygen index methods, etc. These meTesting methods have made great contributions to the development of flame retardant science. However, with the continuous improvement of social needs, flame retardant science has put forward higher requirements. A new generation of flame retardant matsA serial test instrument, the cone calorimeter, was developed as part of this requirement. Although it is a small testing instrument, it can simulate the combustion behavior of materials on a large scale and more realistically evaluate the flame retardant effect of materials. At the same time, it is also of great help to the analysis and research of the flame retardant mechanism of materials.
The cone calorimeter is a new type of combustion testing device developed in the early 1980s. It can simulate various parameters of real combustion. It is primarily used to measure the rate of heat release when a material burns. Research shows that the rate of releasement of heat when a material burns, i.e. the heat released by the burning material per unit of time, is the most important fire parameter that characterizes the risk of burning the material during a fire . Therefore, various instruments and methods for measuring the heat release rate of materials have emerged in recent years. The cone calorimeter uses the principle of oxygen consumption to measure the heat release rate of materials during combustion. This method has now replaced the traditional heat release rate testing method based on energy balance and is widely used in various heat release rate testing instruments. and methods. Additionally, it can measure the rate of heat release per unit area when the material burns, sample ignition time, mass loss rate, smoke density, heat of combustion.n effective, the content of harmful gases and other parameters. These parameters are of great importance for evaluating the performance of a fireproof or flame retardant system, because during a real fire, victims are not only burned by the heat emitted by the flame, but also by the combustion of materials such than polymers. Decomposition produces large quantities of smoke, which can cause suffocation and other hazards.
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