Summary of Test Standards for Textile Abrasion Resistance – Martindale Method of Abrasion Resistance

Abrasion resistance is an important index of the quality of textile products, which directly affects the durability and use effect of the product. Specifically, it refers to the property of resistance to abrasion between fabrics or with other fabrics in the process of repeated friction.

Wear and tear of textile products mainly manifests itself in the following five aspects:
1. Fibers are cut and broken, resulting in yarn breakage. 2. The surface of the fiber is worn, and the surface layer of the fiber is broken and lost.
3. Friction generates high temperatures, causing the fiber to melt or deform plastically, which affects the fiber\'s structure and mechanical properties. 4. During the friction process, the fibers constantly collide, and the fiber fragments in the yarn break due to fatigue damage, resulting in the yarn breaking.
5. The fibers are pulled out of the fabric, leaving the yarnand the structure of the fabric come loose. The fibers can be completely pulled out with repeated handling, resulting in thinner yarns, thinner fabrics and even disintegration.
Abrasion is reflected in the morphological changes of the fabric, which are mainly damage, loss of quality, appearance discoloration, pilling and other changes.

There are many methods to test the wear resistance of textile products, such as surface grinding, curved grinding, edge grinding and compound grinding. The Martindale method is a kind of surface grinding method, which is widely used in the detection of wear resistance of clothing, home textiles, decorative fabrics and upholstery fabrics.

China National Standard
GB/T21196.2-2007 \"Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics by Martindale Method Part 2: Samples \"Determination of Damage \";
GB/T21196.3-2007 \"Measurement of Fabric Abrasion Resistance by Martindale (Martindale) Method for TextilesPart 3: Determination of Mass Loss\";

GB/ T21196.4-2007 \"Determination of abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method for textiles - Part 4: Evaluation of appearance changes\".

International Standard
ISO12947.2—1998 \"Determination of Fabric Abrasion Resistance by Martindale Method for Textiles Part 2: Determination of sample damage\"; < br/>ISO12947.3-1998 \"Textiles by Martindale (Martindale) method for determining the abrasion resistance of fabrics Part 3: Determination of mass loss\";

ISO12947-4—1998 \"Determination of abrasion resistance of fabrics according to the Martindale method for textiles - Part 4: Evaluation of appearance changes\".

American Society for Materials (ASTM) Standard

ASTMD4966-2010 \"Fabric Abrasion Test Martindale Abrasion Resistance Tester\".

EU Standard
ENISO12947-2:1998 \"Determination of Abrasion Resistance of Fabrics by Martindale Method of Textiles Part 2: Determination of Sample Damage\"; Determination of abrasiveness Part 3: Determination of mass loss\";

ENISO12947 -4:1998 \"Determination of abrasion resistance of fabric by the Martindale (Martindale) method for textiles Part 4: Evaluation of appearance changes.

Standard of the German Institute for Standardization (DIN)
DINENISO12947-2-2007 \"Textiles. Determination of the abrasion resistance of fibers according to the Martens method. Part 2: Determination of test destruction\";
DINENIS012947-3-2007 \"Textiles. Determination of fiber abrasion resistance by Martens method. Part 3: Determination of mass loss\";

DINENIS012947- 7 -2007 \"Textiles. Determination of abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method. Part 4: Evaluation of Appearance Changes\".

British Standards Institution (BS) Standard
BISO12947.2-1998 \"Test of Fabric Abrasion Resistance by Martindale Method for Textiles Determination Part 2: Determination of Sample Breakage \";
BISO12947.3-1998 \"Textiles witht using the Martindale (Martindale) method for determination of abrasion resistance of textiles Part 3: Determination of mass loss\";

BSENISO12947-4-1999 \"Determination of abrasion resistance of textile materials by Martindale method Part 4 Evaluation of appearance changes\".

The standard given above is the standard for testing the wear resistance of fabrics - Martindale method, issued by several influential international standardization organizations.Among them, the EU standards, DIN standards and BSI standards all adopt ISO standards.The revision of the Chinese national standard adopts the ISO standard.The detection method is basically the same as the ISO standard, but the scope of the standard adds coated substances, and for the detection of coated substances, the corresponding regulations for coating substance damage and friction are added Load parameters, standard abrasives and standard replacement requirements forabrasives. The American Society for Materials Standard ASTMD4966-2010 \"Fabric Abrasion Test Martindale Abrasion Tester\" includes two parts: the provisions on the abrasion resistance test method, the provisions on the Martindale Abrasion Tester and auxiliary materials, and the test method is in accordance with International Standardization Organization Standards ISO12947. 2~4 are basically the same, but slightly different from International Standardization Organization Standards ISO12947.3~4 in measuring mass loss and evaluation of appearance changes. The result display is simpler.

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