Metallic fibers, carbon fibers and metallized fibers and fabrics

Metal fibers, carbon fibers, metal fiber blends, metallized fibers and fabrics have been proven to have good shielding properties against electromagnetic waves[2-3 It is widely used in composite materials , fabrics, plates and other structures against electromagnetic waves. For example, magsheet sheets made from high-purity nickel fibers sold by Japan\'s Osaka Gas Company and Japan Glass Environmental Harmonization Company can shield electromagnetic waves from 20 MHz to 1 GHz; the helical carbon fiber \"Carbon microcoil\", which has a higher absorption rate in a wider frequency band. Wang Shaobin and others studied the anti-microwave radiation performance of stainless steel and metal fiber blended fabrics. The results showed that with the increase in the content of metal fibers, the microwave shielding effectiveness of blended fabrics increased and theshielding energy could reach 15-40dB. ; according to the electromagnetic wave shielding theory, the surface reflection loss is inversely proportional to the electromagnetic wave frequency, and the electromagnetic wave shielding effect of mixed substances mainly depends on the reflection of electromagnetic waves, and the shielding effectiveness decreases with the increase of electromagnetic wave frequency;

In addition, the weaving density and weaving method (such as plain weave, twill or wrought weave) will also have a greater influence on shielding performance [5 ]. Kenneth\'s protective clothing made of wool, polyester, Nomex and stainless steel fiber mixed in different proportions has a better protective effect in the wide frequency band from 200 KHz to 4GHz. Domestic manufacturers use stainless steel pull yarn and other fibers (vinylon, polyester, nylon or cotton fiber, etc.) effect, the ge content is as low as 2% when used for anti-radiation camouflage. The research results of electroless nickel-plated fabrics show that the weight of the metal on the fabric and the phosphorus content in the coating determine the surface resistance and the shielding against electromagnetic waves of the nickel-plated fabric.

Electroless copper plating is a self-catalyzed reaction. A pure metal copper layer can be obtained on the surface of the fabric. The rate and time of the reaction can be used to control copper layer thickness and performance. The main features of this type of fabric are good shielding electric field performance, soft texture, good air permeability and low price, but it is easy to oxidize and corrode, and the ability to shield magnetic fields is not strong. Chemically silver-plated substances use the principle of \"silver mirror reaction\" and use a reducing agent to react with itt silver ammonia salts to deposit a layer of silver on the surface of the fabric. The process of electroless cashing is relatively easy to operate, but the costs are relatively high.

ChemistryThe main feature of silver plated fabric is that it has very good shielding effect, and it is soft, breathable, antibacterial and corrosion resistant. It has been widely used in the field of protection against electromagnetic radiation in the 1970s and 1980s. Copper-nickel alloy plated fabric is characterized by strong electrical conductivity and electromagnetic wave shielding, strong oxidation and corrosion resistance, firm combination of metal and fabric fibers, and long service life. It can not only be used for anti-static clothing, electromagnetic radiation protective clothing, wall coverings and curtains in secret rooms and cable shielding, but also can be made into conductive tapes, conductive foammen and conductive pads for high-end electronic products (such as computers, mobile phones, etc. telephones, color televisions and microwave ovens, etc.) to prevent electromagnetic interference and radiation. 

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