Mechanism of dust abrasion and test method of wear resistance

Friction resistance means that the clothing does not wear out easily when rubbed. This concept can start from the mechanism of wear. Abrasion means that after the fabric rubs against the fabric or other fabrics, the fabric will be damaged to varying degrees over time. In this article, let\'s discuss the abrasion mechanism of the fabric, factors influencing it and related abrasion resistance testing methods.

Test Methods and Indicators
(1) Wear Test
First set the elimination limit and determine the number of eliminated pieces.
Rejection rate=number of pieces eliminated/total number of samples×100%
Compare good or bad according to the size of the percentage eliminated.
It is practical, but labour-intensive, time-consuming and expensive.
(2) Laboratory test
1. Types of Fabric Abrasion Resistance Test Flat grinding, curved grinding, hem grinding, dynamic grinding, tumbling grinding.
2. Indexs indicating wear
(1) Uniformity index
When the fabric has a certain physical damage (hole size, number of broken yarns) friction times;
After a certain number of friction times, the physical properties of the fabric Change .
(2) Extended index: extended abrasion resistance value

Manifestation of wear damage (wear mechanism)
1. Fiber Fatigue and Breakage The repeated stretching and bending action of the abrasive on the fiber causes it to break. is the basic form of destruction.
2. The fibers are pulled out of the fabric, the cohesive force is small, the structure of the yarn and fabric is loose, and the abrasive is relatively coarse.
3. The fiber is cut and broken. The cohesive force is large, the structure of the yarn and fabric is tight, and the abrasive is small and sharp.
4. The surface wear of the fiber has great cohesive force, the structure of the yarn and fabric is tightand the surface of the abrasive is relatively smooth.
Small and light cracks appeared on the fiber surface.

Factors influencing the abrasion resistance of fabrics
(1) Fiber properties
1. Geometric characteristics
(1) The longer the length, the better the wear resistance. (2) Moderate fineness is conducive to wear resistance, too fine, the tension is large, too thick, the fiber count is small, the cohesive force is small, and the bending resistance is poor.
(3) Cross-sectional shape, kink abrasion resistance and edge abrasion resistance of special-shaped fiber fabrics are worse than those of round fiber fabrics.
2. Mechanical properties The higher the elongation at break, the elastic recovery percentage and the specific breaking load, the better the abrasion resistance of the fabric.
(2) Yarn structure
1. The twist should be moderate. If it is too large, the fiber fragments will have little mobility, hardness and small contact area; if heyt is too small, the yarn structure will be loose and the fibers will be pulled out easily.
2. Fineness
The thicker the yarn, the better the wear resistance, especially flat grinding.
3. Yarn evenness
Good evenness and abrasion resistance. (The thick spots are loose, the fibers are easy to pull out)
4. Single-thread and thread-thread fabrics are more resistant to flat wear than yarn-dyed fabrics, but have poorer bend wear and hem wear.
5. Radial distribution of blended yarn
It is required that the fibers with good abrasion resistance are distributed in the outer layer of the yarn.

Fabric structure
1. The higher the weight of the square meter, the better the wear resistance.
2. Structural phase and supporting surface
It is almost the fifth structural phase, with large supporting surface and good wear resistance.
3. The density of the fabric is moderate and the wear resistance is good.
4. Structure of the fabric
The density and structure of the fabric must be carefully considered. The lower the warp and weft density, the more abrasion resistant the flat weave; the higher the warp and weft density, the satin weave is more wear resistant.

Test conditions
1. Selected abrasives.
2. Tension and pressure.
3. temperature and humidity in the experimental environment.
4. The direction of rubbing, especially for satin.

Finishing
The abrasion resistance of cotton and viscose fabrics after finishing is different in the test Stress showed see mixed results. For example, wear resistance decreases at high pressure and wear resistance increases at low pressure.

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