How to choose primary cells and cell lines?

Primary cells grow slowly It is generally accepted that the first generation of primary cell culture and the transition to the 10th generation are collectively referred to as primary culture. The primary cultured cells are generally not easy to pass after about 10 generations, the growth of the cells will stagnate and most of the cells will age and die. But very few cells can survive the "crisis" and continue to pass on. These surviving cells can generally go on for 40-50 generations. This kind of passing cell is called a cell line. When the cells cross 50 generations, there will be another "crisis". At this time, the genetic material of some cells has changed and has the characteristics of cancer, so it can be passed on indefinitely. This type of transit cell is called a cell line.

Cell lines are easy to cultivate, there areare different types, and have significant yields The advantage has always been the first choice for cell-level research, and the price is relatively low, but the cell line is "cheap but not necessarily good". Studies have shown that cell lines continue to mutate during continuous culture, and multiple passages over a long period of time can lead to changes in the genotype and phenotype of the cell line, affecting experimental results. For example, studies have reported that HEK293 cells transfected by adenovirus are closer to immature neuron cells; a type of melanoma cell.

Primary cells do not have these problems. Although the cost of isolation and culture of primary cells can be relatively higher, primary cells as a research model closer to the in vivo environment can draw your research conclusions. is closer to the "truth", and the use of primary cells can reduce the cost of animal testinggene. In addition, for some experiments that cannot be performed in the human body, primary cells can solve this problem to some extent because they retain their biological characteristics in vivo.

Because the biological characteristics of immortalized cell lines are very different from those of tissue cells in vivo, it is difficult to replicate many physiological and pathological processes. The tool of choice for providing high-quality models for disease mechanisms, drug development and more. However, it cannot be denied that the status of cell lines in scientific research is still very important. For example, cell lines are good tools for establishing standardized protocols. Limited and demanding culture conditions, cell lines are also the first choice.

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