Analysis of the test method for abrasion resistance of fabrics

Testing the abrasion resistance of fabrics is a must-do test for textile companies. Wear resistance testing is a common testing standard in many standards. There are many types of fabric abrasion testing and the instruments used are different. This article Standard Group (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. discusses the test method of the Martindale Abrasion Tester.

1. Test methods and indicators
(1) Wear test
First, set the elimination limit and determine the number of eliminated pieces.
Rejection rate=number of pieces eliminated/total number of samples×100%
Compare good or bad according to the size of the percentage eliminated.
It is practical, but labour-intensive, time-consuming and expensive.
(2) Laboratory test
1. Types of Fabric Abrasion Resistance Test Flat grinding, curved grinding, seam grinding, dynamic grinding, tumbling grinding.
2. Indices indicating wear
(1) Uniformity index
Wandown the fabric has a certain physical damage (hole size, number of broken yarns) friction times;
After a certain number of friction times, the physical properties of the fabric Change.
(2) Comprehensive index: Comprehensive wear resistance value

Second, the manifestation of wear damage (wear mechanism)
1. Fiber Fatigue and Breakage The repeated stretching and bending action of the abrasive on the fiber causes it to break. is the basic form of destruction.
2. The fibers are pulled out of the fabric, the cohesive force is small, the structure of the yarn and fabric is loose, and the abrasive is relatively coarse.
3. The fiber is cut and broken. The cohesive force is large, the structure of the yarn and fabric is tight, and the abrasive is small and sharp.
4. The surface wear of the fiber has great cohesive force, the structure of the yarn and fabric is tight, and the surface of the abrasive is relatively smooth.
Small and light cracks appeared on the fiber surface.

3. Factors Affecting Fabric Abrasion Resistance
(1) Fiber Properties
1. Geometric characteristics
(1) The longer the length, the better the wear resistance. (2) Moderate fineness is conducive to wear resistance, too fine, the tension is large, too thick, the fiber count is small, the cohesive force is small, and the bending resistance is poor.
(3) Cross-sectional shape, kink abrasion resistance and edge abrasion resistance of special-shaped fiber fabrics are worse than those of round fiber fabrics.
2. Mechanical properties The higher the elongation at break, the elastic recovery percentage and the specific breaking load, the better the abrasion resistance of the fabric.

Fourth, the structure of the yarn
1. The twist should be moderate. If it is too large, the fiber fragments will have little mobility, hardness and small contact area; if it is too small, the yarn structure will be loose and zwill the fibers be pulled out easily.
2. Fineness
The thicker the yarn, the better the wear resistance, especially flat grinding.
3. Yarn evenness
Good evenness and abrasion resistance. (The thick spots are loose and the fibers are easy to pull out)
4. Single thread and thread threads have better surface abrasion resistance than thread weaves, but warpThere is a difference between sharpening and hemming.
5. Radial distribution of blended yarn
It is required that the fibers with good abrasion resistance are distributed in the outer layer of the yarn.

V. Fabric structure
1. The higher the weight of the square meter, the better the wear resistance.
2. Structural phase and supporting surface
It is almost the fifth structural phase, with large supporting surface and good wear resistance.
3. The density of the fabric is moderate and the wear resistance is good.
4. Fabric structure
The density and structure of the fabricshould be extensively considered. The lower the warp and weft density, the more abrasion resistant the flat weave; the higher the warp and weft density, the satin weave is more wear resistant.

6. Test Conditions
1. Selected abrasives.
2. Tension and pressure.
3. temperature and humidity in the experimental environment.
4. The direction of rubbing, especially for satin.

7. Finish
For the abrasion resistance of cotton and viscose fabrics, different pressures give different results during the test. For example, wear resistance decreases at high pressure and wear resistance increases at low pressure.

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